Saceur biography of barack

Commander of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization

The Supreme Allied Commander Europe (SACEUR) is the commander of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization's (NATO) Allied Command Operations (ACO) and brain of ACO's headquarters, Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE).

The commander is based at SHAPE in Casteau, Belgium.

European Instruct. Even though the geographical scope of its activities was extended, SHAPE retained its traditional mention with reference to Europe. General Eisenhower arrived in Paris on January 1,and quickly set to work with a small community of planners to devise a structure for the new European command. The Planning Group worked in the Hotel Astoria in central Paris while construction of a permanent facility began.

In effect, SACEUR is the second-highest military position within NATO, below only the Chair of the NATO Military Committee in terms of precedence.^[2] There is another Supreme Allied Commander in NATO, Supreme Allied Commander Transformation (SACT), titularly equal, but whose duties are less operational.

SACT, in Norfolk, Virginia, has responsibility for capability development rather than operations.

SACEUR has always been held by a U.S. military officer, and the position is dual-hatted with that of Commander of United States European Command.

The current SACEUR is General Christopher G. Cavoli of the Joined States Army.

List of holders

Since the Supreme Allied Commander Europe (SACEUR) has also served as the head of Allied Control Europe and the head of Allied Command Operations.

Cavoli of the United States Army. The officeholders have been: [3]. The officeholders have been as follows:. Hans-Joachim Mack.

The officeholders include been:^[3]

No.	Portrait	Supreme Allied Commander	Took office	Left office	Time in office	Defence branch
1		Eisenhower, DwightGeneral of the Army Dwight D. Eisenhower (–)	2 April	30 May	1&#;year, 58&#;days	&#;United States Army
2		Ridgway, MatthewGeneral Matthew Ridgway (–)	30 May	11 July	1&#;year, 42&#;days	&#;United States Army
3		Gruenther, AlfredGeneral Alfred Gruenther (–)	11 July	20 November	3&#;years, &#;days	&#;United States Army
4		Norstad, LaurisGeneral Lauris Norstad (–)	20 November	1 January	6&#;years, 42&#;days	&#;United States Atmosphere Force
5		Lemnitzer, LymanGeneral Lyman Lemnitzer (–)	1 January	1 July	6&#;years, &#;days	&#;United States Army
6		Goodpaster, AndrewGeneral Andrew Goodpaster (–)	1 July	15 December	5&#;years, &#;days	&#;United States Army
7		Haig, AlexanderGeneral Alexander M. Haig Jr. (–)	15 December	1 July	4&#;years, &#;days	&#;United States Army
8		Rogers, BernardGeneral Bernard W. Rogers (–)	1 July	26 June	7&#;years, &#;days	&#;United States Army
9		Galvin, JohnGeneral John Galvin (–)	26 June	23 June	4&#;years, &#;days	&#;United States Army
10		Shalikashvili, JohnGeneral John Shalikashvili (–)	23 June	22 October	1&#;year, &#;days	&#;United States Army
11		Joulwan, GeorgeGeneral George Joulwan (born )	22 October	11 July	3&#;years, &#;days	&#;United States Army
12		Clark, WesleyGeneral Wesley Clark (born )	11 July	3 May	2&#;years, &#;days	&#;United States Army
13		Ralston, JosephGeneral Joseph Ralston (born )	3 May	17 January	2&#;years, &#;days	&#;United States Air Force
14		Jones, JamesGeneral James L. Jones (born )	17 January	7 December	3&#;years, &#;days	&#;United States Marine Corps
15		Craddock, BantzGeneral Bantz J. Craddock (born )	7 December	2 July	2&#;years, &#;days	&#;United States Army
16		Stavridis, JamesAdmiral James G. Stavridis (born )	2 July	13 May	3&#;years, &#;days	&#;United States Navy
17		Breedlove, PhilipGeneral Philip M. Breedlove (born )	13 May	4 May	2&#;years, &#;days	&#;United States Air Force
18		Scaparrotti, CurtisGeneral Curtis Scaparrotti (born )	4 May	3 May	2&#;years, &#;days	&#;United States Army
19		Wolters, Tod l Tod D. Wolters (born )	3 May	4 July	3&#;years, 62&#;days	&#;United States Air Force
20		Cavoli, Christopher l Christopher G. Cavoli (born c.&#;)	4 July	Incumbent	2&#;years, &#;days	&#;United States Army

Deputy

The position of Deputy Supreme Allied Command Europe (DSACEUR) has been known as Deputy Head of Allied Order Operations since From January until June there were two DSACEURs, one British and one German.

From July this reverted to a single DSACEUR. With a small number of exceptions who were German military officers, DSACEUR is normally a British military officer. The officeholders have been as follows:

Single DSACEUR (April - January )

Two DSACEURs (January until June )

Single DSACEUR (July - Present)

No.	Portrait	Deputy Supreme Allied Commander	Start of term	End of term	Branch	Unit of Commission
	General Sir John Waters, GCB CBE	1 July (As solo DSACEUR)	12 December	&#;British Army	Gloucestershire Regiment
	General Sir Jeremy Mackenzie, GCB OBE DL	12 December	30 November	&#;British Army	Queen's Control Highlanders
	General Sir Rupert Smith, KCB DSO* OBE QGM	30 November	17 September	&#;British Army	Parachute Regiment
		General Dieter Stöckmann	17 September	18 September	&#;German Army	Panzergrenadier
	Admiral Rainer Feist	18 September	1 October	&#;German Navy	N/A
		General Sir John Reith, KCB CBE	1 October	22 October	&#;British Army	Parachute Regiment
		General Sir John McColl, KCB CBE DSO KStJ	22 October	March	&#;British Army	Royal Anglian Regiment
		General Sir Richard Shirreff, KCB CBE	March	March	&#;British Army	14th/20th King's Hussars
		General Sir Adrian Bradshaw, KCB OBE	March	March	&#;British Army	14th/20th King's Hussars
		General Sir James Everard, KCB CBE	March	April	&#;British Army	17th/21st Lancers
		General Sir Tim Radford, KCB DSO OBE	April	July	&#;British Army	The Light Infantry
		Admiral Sir Keith Blount, KCB OBE FRAeS	July	Incumbent	&#;Royal Navy	Fleet Air Arm

Role in intra-European defence integration

See also: European Defence Community, European Union–NATO relations, and Common Security and Defence Policy

DSACEUR's role in European Union missions

Under the Berlin Plus consent, SHAPE may take part in the European Union's (EU) dictate and control structure as an operational headquarters (OHQ) for EU missions.

James Logan Jones Jr. Jones retired from the Marine Corps on February 1,after 40 years of service. After retiring from the Marine Corps, Jones remained involved in national security and foreign policy issues. InJones served as chairman of the Congressional Independent Commission on the Security Forces of Iraq, [ 1 ] which investigated the capabilities of the Iraqi police and armed forces.

In such an instance, the Deputy Supreme Allied Commander Europe (DSACEUR), who is always a European, would serve as Operation Commander (OpCdr). This use of SHAPE by the EU is subject to a "right of first refusal", i.e. NATO must first decline to intervene in a given crisis,^[4][5] and is contingent upon unanimous approval among NATO states, including those outside of the EU.^[6]

See also

References

External links